Why frame relay

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Serial Data Transmission. Company Information. Frame Relay operates at the following speeds: 56, 64, , , kbps, 1. When designing the frame relay protocol, the old X. But, unlike X. If an error is detected in the frame, this frame is simply discarded and transmitted again it should be noted that in digital networks the percentage of errors is much smaller than in analog. Frame Relay switches packets end-to-end much faster, but there is no guarantee of data integrity at all.

Various key features of this protocol are as follows:. The call control packets are used for setting up and clearing virtual circuits. In band signaling is used. Multiplexing of virtual circuits takes place at layer 3. Layer 2 and 3 include flow control and error control. Some important features of frame relay are :.

Frame relay operates at a high speed 1. Frame relay operates only in the physical and data link layers. So it can be easily used in Internet. It allows the bursty data. It has a large frame size of bytes.

So it can accommodate all local area network frame sizes. Frame relay can only detect errors at the data link layer. But there is no flow control or error control. The damaged frame is simply dropped. There is no retransmission. This is to increase the speed. So frame relay needs a reliable medium and protocols having flow and error control.

The frame format used in frame relay. The user can use any protocol which is recognized by ANSI. Some of the important reasons are as follows:. Higher data rates. It allows transfer of bursty data. Instead of relaying each packet individually through the frame relay network, frame relay uses virtual circuits that act as temporary paths through the network.

These virtual circuits can be either switched virtual circuits SVCs that are set up and torn down on a call-by-call basis or permanent virtual circuits PVCs that are established in advance. PVCs are preferred because they provide a more reliable grade of service for the customer. PVCs provide dedicated point-to-point connections between local and remote customer premises through a frame relay cloud. PVCs function in a way similar to private leased lines and provide the customer with a level of service that is agreed upon, called the Committed Information Rate CIR.

The CIR, a negotiated level of service you purchase from the carrier, specifies your maximum transmission speed over the frame relay network. Speeds typically range from 56 Kbps to T3 speeds and higher, depending on your requirements. CIR acts as a kind of bandwidth throttling mechanism that facilitates the use of shared frame relay circuits by different users.

Frame relay runs over T1 and fractional T1 carriers with transmission speeds ranging from 56 Kbps to 1. See the illustration for an example.