If you don't remember whether you've had chickenpox or the vaccine, a blood test can determine your immunity. Talk to your doctor if you're unsure about your need for the vaccine.
If you're planning on becoming pregnant, consult with your doctor to make sure you're up to date on your vaccinations before conceiving a child. Parents typically wonder whether vaccines are safe. Since the chickenpox vaccine became available, studies have consistently found it to be safe and effective.
Side effects are generally mild and include redness, soreness, swelling and, rarely, small bumps at the site of the shot. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Chickenpox Open pop-up dialog box Close. Chickenpox Chickenpox consists of an itchy, red rash that breaks out on the face, scalp, chest, back and, to a lesser extent, arms and legs.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Chickenpox varicella. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Jan. Varicella chickenpox. New York, N. Papadakis MA, et al. Viral and rickettsial infections. McGraw Hill; Chickenpox vaccination: What everyone should know. Longo DL, et al. Varicella-zoster virus infections. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine.
Chickenpox varicella. Merck Manual Professional Version. Chickenpox often starts without the classic rash, with a fever, headache , sore throat , or stomachache.
The red, itchy skin rash usually starts on the belly or back and face. Then it spreads to almost everywhere else on the body, including the scalp, mouth, arms, legs, and genitals. The rash begins as many small red bumps that look like pimples or insect bites. They appear in waves over 2 to 4 days, then develop into thin-walled blisters filled with fluid. The blister walls break, leaving open sores, which finally crust over to become dry, brown scabs.
All three stages of the chickenpox rash red bumps, blisters, and scabs appear on the body at the same time. The rash may spread wider or be more severe in kids who have weak immune systems or skin disorders like eczema. Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus VZV. This virus also can cause a painful skin rash called shingles herpes zoster later in life. After someone has had chickenpox, the virus stays dormant resting in the nervous system for the rest of their life.
The virus can reactivate "wake up" later as shingles. Kids who are vaccinated against chickenpox are much less likely to develop shingles when they get older. Chickenpox is very contagious.
Most kids with a sibling who's infected also will get it if they haven't already had the infection or the vaccine , showing symptoms about 2 weeks after the first child does.
Chickenpox is contagious from about 2 days before the rash starts until all the blisters are crusted over. Someone with shingles can spread chickenpox but not shingles to people who haven't had chickenpox or the vaccine. Because chickenpox is so contagious, a child who has it should stay home and rest until the rash is gone and all blisters have dried. This usually takes about 1 week. If you're unsure about whether your child is ready to return to school, ask your doctor. If they are exposed to chickenpox, they might be given a medicine zoster immune globulin to make the illness less severe.
Most people who get the chickenpox vaccine will not get chickenpox. And if they do get chickenpox, their symptoms will be much milder. Speak to a GP if you have not had chickenpox and have been near someone with it. You can get the chickenpox vaccine on the NHS if there's a risk of harming someone with a weakened immune system if you spread the virus to them.
For example, a child can be vaccinated if 1 of their parents is having chemotherapy. You can also pay for the vaccine at some private clinics or travel clinics.
You can catch chickenpox from someone with shingles if you have not had chickenpox before. When you get chickenpox, the virus stays in your body. The virus can be triggered again if your immune system is weak.
This causes shingles. This can happen because of stress, certain conditions, or treatments like chemotherapy. Page last reviewed: 27 November Next review due: 27 November It's important to trust your instincts and get medical help if you need it. Important You'll need to stay away from school, nursery or work until all the spots have crusted over.
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